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U2008B
Low-Cost Phase-Control IC with Soft Start
Description
The U2008B is designed as a phase-control circuit in bipolar technology. It enables load-current detection as well as mains-compensated phase control. Motor control with load-current feedback and overload protection are preferred applications.
Features
D D D D D D
Full wave current sensing Mains supply variation compensated Variable soft-start or load-current sensing Voltage and current synchronization Automatic retriggering switchable Triggering pulse typ. 125 mA
D Internal supply-voltage monitoring D Current requirement 3 mA
v
Applications
D Low-cost motor control D Domestic appliance
Block Diagram
22 kW/2W 230 V ~ R2 330 kW Load 7 Limiting detector Voltage detector 6 Mains voltage compensation R1 BYT51K D1
amax
R8 1 MW
Automatic retriggering Phase control unit
U2008B
5 -VS
TIC 226 R3 180W 8
Current detector
o = f (V3)
Supply voltage limiting
22 25 V 4 GND
mF/
C1
1
Full wave load current detector Soft start 2 3
+
-
Reference voltage Voltage monitoring R14 47 kW P1
R10 R6 ^ V(R6) = 250 mV C3 3.3 nF C4 100 nF
100 kW
Set point R7
Load current compensation
Figure 1. Block diagram with typical circuit: Load current sensing
Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
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U2008B
Ordering Information
Extended Type Number U2008B-x U2008B-xFP U2008B-xFPG3 Package DIP8 SO8 SO8 Remarks Tube Tube Taped and reeled
230 V ~ L R2 680 kW Load
22 kW/2W R1 D1
BYT51K
amax
R8 470 kW 6 Mains voltage compensation
7 Limiting detector Voltage detector
Automatic retriggering
U2008B
Phase control unit = f (V3)
5 -VS C1 Supply voltage limiting 100 25 V 4 GND
TIC 226 R3 180W 8
Current detector
o
mF/
1
Full wave load current detector Soft start 2 3
+
-
Reference voltage Voltage monitoring
R10 C5 Soft start 4.7mF/ 25 V C3 10 nF N C4 100 nF
68 kW
Set point R7 220 kW
P1 50 kW
Figure 2. Block diagram with typical circuit: Soft start
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Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
U2008B
Pin Description
Isense C Control 1 8 Output Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Symbol Isense C Control GND -VS R Vsync. Output Function Load current sensing Ramp voltage Control input / compensation output Ground Supply voltage Ramp current adjustment Voltage synchronization Trigger output
2 U2008B 3
7
Vsync. R
6
GND
4
Figure 3. Pinning
5
*V
S
Mains Supply, Pin 5, Figure 2
The integrated circuit U2008B, which also contains voltage limiting, can be connected via D1 and R1 via the mains supply. Supply voltage between Pin 4 (pos., ) and Pin 5 is smoothed by C1.
Phase Control, Pin 6
The function of the phase control is largely identical to that of the well-known IC U211B. The phase angle of the trigger pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage V2 at Pin 2 with the set value on the control input, Pin 3. The slope of the ramp is determined by C3 and its charging current I o. The charging current can be regulated, changed, altered using R8 at Pin 6. The maximum phase angle, max, (minimum current flow angle omin) can also be adjusted by using R8 (see figure 5). When the potential on Pin 2 reaches the set point level of Pin 3, a trigger pulse is generated whose pulse width, tp, is determined from the value of C3 (tp = 9 ms/nF, see figure 7). At the same time, a latch is set with the output pulse, as long as the automatic retriggering has not been activated, then no more pulses can be generated in that half cycle. Control input at Pin 3 (with respect to Pin 4) has an active range from -9 V to -2 V. When V3 = -9 V, then the phase angle is at its maximum max, i.e., the current flow angle is minimum. The minimum phase angle min is set with V3 -1 V.
*
*
Series resistance R1 can be calculated as follows: R 1max where: VM VSmax Itot ISmax Ix
+
V - V Smax 0.85 x M 2 x I tot
+ Mains voltage + Maximum supply voltage + I )I = Total current compensation
Smax x
= Maximum current consumption of the IC = Current consumption of the external components
An operation with external stabilized DC voltage is not recommended.
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Voltage Monitoring
When the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses are avoided by internal voltage monitoring. Apart from that, all latches in the circuit (phase control, load limit regulation) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short circuited. This guarantees a specified start-up behavior each time the supply voltage is switched on or after short interruptions of the mains supply. Soft start is initiated after the supply voltage has been built up. This behavior guarantees a gentle start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time.
Automatic Retriggering
The current-detector circuit monitors the state of the triac after triggering by measuring the voltage drop at the triac gate. A current flow through the triac is recognized when the voltage drop exceeds a threshold level of typ. 40 mV. If the triac is quenched within the relevant half wave after triggering (for example owing to low load currents before or after the zero crossing of current wave, or for commutator motors, owing to brush lifters), the automatic retriggering circuit ensures immediate retriggering, if necessary with a high repetition rate, tpp/tp, until the triac remains reliably triggered.
Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
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U2008B
Current Synchronization, Pin 8
Current synchronization fulfils two functions: Mains
*Monitoring the current flow after triggering. *Avoiding triggering due to inductive load.
R2 7 2x BZX55 C6V2
In case the triac extinguishes again or it does not switch on, automatic triggering is activated as long as triggering is successful. In the case of inductive load operation, the current synchronization ensures that in the new half wave no pulse is enabled as long as there is a current available from the previous half wave, which flows from the opposite polarity to the actual supply voltage.
U2008B
4
A special feature of the IC is the realization of current synchronization. The device evaluates the voltage at the pulse output between the gate and reference electrode of the triac. This results in saving separate current synchronization input with specified series resistance.
Figure 4. Suppression of automatic retriggering and mains voltage compensation
Voltage Synchronization with Mains Voltage Compensation, Pin 7
The voltage detector synchronizes the reference ramp with the mains supply voltage. At the same time, the mains-dependent input current at Pin 7 is shaped and rectified internally. This current activates the automatic retriggering and at the same time is available at Pin 3 (see figure 9). By suitable dimensioning, it is possible to attain the specified compensation effect. Automatic retriggering and mains voltage compensation are not activated until |V7 - 4| increases to 8 V. The resistance Rsync. defines the width of the zero voltage cross-over pulse, synchronization current, and hence the mains supply voltage compensation current. If the mains voltage compensation and the automatic retriggering are not required, both functions can be suppressed by limiting |V7 - 4| 7 V (see figure 4).
A further feature of the IC is the selection between softstart or load-current compensation. Soft start is possible by connecting a capacitor between Pin 1 and Pin 4, see figure 8. In the case of load-current compensation, Pin 1 is directly connected with resistance R6, which is used for sensing load current.
Load Current Detection, Pin 1
The circuit continuously measures the load current as a voltage drop at resistance R6. The evaluation and use of both half waves results in a quick reaction to load-current change. Due to voltage at resistance R6, there is an increase of input current at Pin 1. This current increase controls the internal current source, whose positive current values is available at Pin 3 (see figure 11). The output current generated at Pin 3 contains the difference from the load-current detection and from the mains-voltage compensation (see figure 9). The effective control voltage is the final current at Pin 3 together with the desired value network. An increase of mains voltage causes the increase of control angle . An increase of load current results in a decrease in the control angle. This avoids a decrease in revolution by increasing the load as well as the increase of revolution by the increment of mains supply voltage.
v
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Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
U2008B
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VS = 14 V, reference point Pin 4, unless otherwise specified Parameters Current limitation Pin 5 t 10 ms Sync. currents Pin 7 t 10 ms Phase control Pin 3 Control voltage Input current Charge current Pin 6 Load current monitoring / Soft start, Pin 1 Input current Input voltage Pulse output Input voltage Pin 8 Symbol -IS -iS Value 30 100 5 20 VS to 0 500 0.5 1 -40 to + 125 2 VS to to Unit mA mA mA mA V mA mA mA V V V C C
v v
"IsyncV "isyncV " II
- I max II VI +VI -VI Tstg Tj -VI
Storage temperature range Junction temperature range
*40 )125 *10 )125
Thermal Resistance
Parameters Junction ambient DIP8 SO8 on p.c. SO8 on ceramic Symbol RthJA RthJA RthJA Value 110 220 140 Unit K/W K/W K/W
Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
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U2008B
Electrical Characteristics
VS
+ -13 V, T
amb
= 25C, reference point Pin 4, unless otherwise specified Test Conditions / Pins Pin 5 -IS = 3.5 mA -IS = 30 mA Pins 1, 4 and 7 open Pin 5 Symbol -VS -VS -IS -VTON Voltage sync. Current sync. IL = 2 mA Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 7 Min. 14.5 14.6 Typ. Max. 16.5 16.8 3.0 11.3 0.15 3 8.0 1 1.85 8.5 12.3 2 30 9.0 100 2.05 Unit V V mA V mA mA V
Parameters Supply Supply-voltage limitation Current requirement Voltage monitoring Turn-on threshold Phase control Input current
Voltage limitation Reference ramp, see figure 5 Charge current Pin 7 Start voltage Pin 2 Temperature coefficient of start voltage Pin 2 R - reference voltage I = 10 m Pins 6 - 5 Temperature coefficient I = 10 m Pin 6 I = 1 m Pulse output, see figure 6 Pin 8 Output-pulse current V8 = - 1.2 , RGT = 0 W Output-pulse width C3 = 3.3 nF, VS = Vlimit Automatic retriggering Pin 8 Turn-on threshold voltage Repetition rate I7 150 mA Soft start, see figure 8 Pin 1 Starting current V1-4 = 8 V Final current V1-4 = -2 V Discharge current Output current Pin 3 Mains voltage compensation, see figure 9 Current transfer gain I7/I3 Pins 7, Pin 3 Pins 1 and 2 open Reverse current V(R6) = V3 = V7 = 0, Pin 3 Load-current detection, V7 = 0, see figure 11 Transfer gain I3/V1 Offset current V1 = 0,V3 = -8 V, Pin 3 Input voltage Pin 1 Input offset voltage Pin 1
"
"IsyncV "IsyncI "VsyncV
I -Vmax -TCR VR TCVR TCVR I0 tp
1.95 -0.003 1.02 0.03 0.06 125 30
mA V
%/K V %/K %/K mA ms mV tp
0.96
1.10
100
150
w
"VION
tpp I0 I0 -I0 -I0
20 3 5 15 0.5 0.2
5 10 25
60 7.5 15 40 2
mA mA mA mA
"IR
G I0 -VI
Gi
14
17
20 2 0.370 6 400 6
mA mA/mV mA mV mV
"V0
0.280 0 300
0.320 3
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Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
U2008B
250 200 33 nF Phase angle a ( ) 150 100 50 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Ro (R8) ( kW )
6.8 nF 4.7 nF 10 nF
1 0
3.3 nF 2.2 nF
-1 V (V) 1-4 C5=1mF -2 -3 -4 -5 0 1 2 t(s) 3 4 5 4.7mF Supply R1=22kW/2W C1=100mF/25V 10mF
Co/ t = 1.5 nF
Figure 5. Ramp control
120 0 100 80 IGT ( mA ) I 3 ( mA ) 60 40 20 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 200 RGT ( W ) 80 VGT=-1.2V 40
Figure 8. Option soft start
120 160 Pins 1 Vs=-13V -2 -1 0 I7 ( mA )
Reference Point Pin 10 1 2
Figure 6. Pulse output
400 100
Figure 9. Mains voltage compensation
Max. Series Resistance VM=230V 80 R 1max (k W ) 30
Dtp/DCo=9ms/nF
300 t p ( ms )
60
200
40 20
100
0 0 10 Co = ( nF ) 20
0 0 2 4 6 IS ( mA ) 8 10
Figure 7. Output-pulse width
Figure 10. Maximum resistance of R1
Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
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U2008B
200 V6=VRef=V8 VS=-13V V15=V10=0V Reference Point Pin 8 8 PV ( W ) 10 Power Dissipation at Series Resistance 160 I5 ( A )
120
6
m
80 40 0 -400 -200 0 V(R6) ( mV ) 200 400
4 2 0 0 3 6 9 IS ( mA ) 12 15
Figure 11. Load-current detection
Figure 13. Power dissipation of R1 according to current consumption
10 Power Dissipation at Series Resistance R1 8 PV ( W )
6
4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 R1 ( kW )
Figure 12. Power dissipation of R1
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Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
U2008B
Package Information
Package DIP8
Dimensions in mm
9.8 9.5 1.64 1.44 7.77 7.47
4.8 max 6.4 max 0.5 min 0.58 0.48 7.62 8 5 2.54 3.3 0.36 max 9.8 8.2
technical drawings according to DIN specifications
1
4
Package SO8
Dimensions in mm
5.00 4.85 1.4 0.4 1.27 3.81 8 5 0.25 0.10 0.2 3.8 6.15 5.85 5.2 4.8 3.7
technical drawings according to DIN specifications
1
4
Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99
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U2008B
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
It is the policy of TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH to 1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements. 2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on the environment. It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as ozone depleting substances ( ODSs). The Montreal Protocol ( 1987) and its London Amendments ( 1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these substances. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed in the following documents. 1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively 2 . Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) in the USA 3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C ( transitional substances ) respectively. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances and do not contain such substances.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice. Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use TEMIC Semiconductors products for any unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify TEMIC Semiconductors against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany Telephone: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2594, Fax number: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2423
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Rev. A3, 08-Nov-99

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